Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Original Articles

Various Oscillation Patterns of Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Concentrations in Healthy Volunteers: Sang Ah Lee, Eunheiu Jeong, Eun Hee Kim, Mi-Seon Shin, Jenie Yoonoo Hwang, Eun Hee Koh, Woo Je Lee, Joong-Yeol Park, Min-Seon Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2012;36(1):29-36. Published online February 17, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2012.36.1.29

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Background

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was originally identified as a paroxysm proliferator activated receptor-α target gene product and is a hormone involved in metabolic regulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diurnal variation of serum FGF21 concentration in obese and non-obese healthy volunteers.

Methods

Blood samples were collected from five non-obese (body mass index [BMI] ≤23 kg/m²) and five obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m²) healthy young men every 30 to 60 minutes over 24 hours. Serum FGF21 concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Anthropometric parameters, glucose, free fatty acid, insulin, leptin, and cortisol concentrations were also measured.

Results

The serum FGF21 concentrations displayed various individual oscillation patterns. The oscillation frequency ranged between 6 and 12 times per day. The average duration of oscillation was 2.52 hours (range, 1.9 to 3.0 hours). The peaks and troughs of FGF21 oscillation showed no circadian rhythm. However, the oscillation frequency had a diurnal variation and was lower during the light-off period than during the light-on period (2.4 vs. 7.3 times, P<0.001). There was no difference in the total frequency or duration of oscillations between non-obese and obese subjects, but obese individuals had increased numbers of larger oscillations (amplitude ≥0.19 ng/mL).

Conclusion

Various oscillation patterns in serum FGF21 concentration were observed, and reduced oscillation frequencies were seen during sleep. The oscillation patterns of serum FGF21 concentration suggest that FGF21 may be secreted into systemic circulation in a pulsatile manner. Obesity appeared to affect the amplitude of oscillations of serum FGF21.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Circadian Regulation of Endocrine Fibroblast Growth Factors on Systemic Energy Metabolism
Zhenning Yang, Helmut Zarbl, Grace L. Guo
Molecular Pharmacology.2024; 105(3): 179. CrossRef
Acute sleep loss alters circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in humans: A randomised crossover trial
Luiz Eduardo Mateus Brandão, Daniel Espes, Jakub Orzechowski Westholm, Teemu Martikainen, Nestori Westerlund, Lauri Lampola, Alexandru Popa, Heike Vogel, Annette Schürmann, Suzanne L. Dickson, Christian Benedict, Jonathan Cedernaes
Journal of Sleep Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Metabolic Stress Index Including Mitochondrial Biomarker for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Hepatic Steatosis
Jae Seung Chang, Jhii-Hyun Ahn, Seong Hee Kang, Sang-Baek Koh, Jang-Young Kim, Soon Koo Baik, Ji Hye Huh, Samuel S. Lee, Moon Young Kim, Kyu-Sang Park
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Single-Arm 8-Week Ad Libitum Self-Prepared Paleo Diet Reduces Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors in Overweight Adults
Melissa M. Markofski, Kristofer Jennings, Chad Dolan, Natalie A. Davies, Emily C. LaVoy, Edward J. Ryan, Andres E. Carrillo
American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine.2021; 15(6): 690. CrossRef
Diurnal rhythm in clinical chemistry: An underrated source of variation
Mohamed Abou El Hassan, Edgard Delvin, Manal O. Elnenaei, Barry Hoffman
Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences.2018; 55(8): 516. CrossRef
Integrated stress response stimulates FGF21 expression: Systemic enhancer of longevity
Antero Salminen, Kai Kaarniranta, Anu Kauppinen
Cellular Signalling.2017; 40: 10. CrossRef
Therapeutic potential of the endocrine fibroblast growth factors FGF19, FGF21 and FGF23
Chiara Degirolamo, Carlo Sabbà, Antonio Moschetta
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.2016; 15(1): 51. CrossRef
Response of fibroblast growth factor 21 to meal intake and insulin infusion in patients on maintenance haemodialysis
Mark Reinhard, Jan Frystyk, Bente Jespersen, Else Randers, Bo Martin Bibby, Per Ivarsen
Clinical Endocrinology.2015; 83(2): 187. CrossRef
Possible role of fibroblast growth factor 21 on atherosclerosis via amelioration of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in apoE−/− mice
Xi Wu, Yong-Fen Qi, Jin-Rui Chang, Wei-Wei Lu, Jin-Sheng Zhang, Shao-Ping Wang, Shu-Juan Cheng, Ming Zhang, Qian Fan, Yuan Lv, Hui Zhu, Man-Kun Xin, Yun Lv, Jing-Hua Liu
Heart and Vessels.2015; 30(5): 657. CrossRef
Circulating Fibroblast Growth Factors as Metabolic Regulators—A Critical Appraisal
Bo Angelin, Tobias E. Larsson, Mats Rudling
Cell Metabolism.2012; 16(6): 693. CrossRef
Metabolic actions of fibroblast growth factor 21
Daniel Cuevas-Ramos, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Francisco J. Gómez-Pérez
Current Opinion in Pediatrics.2012; 24(4): 523. CrossRef
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Novel Metabolic Regulator
Ji A Seo, Nan Hee Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(1): 26. CrossRef
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Biological role, clinical significance, and therapeutic possibilities of the recently discovered metabolic hormone fibroblastic growth factor 21
Pedro Iglesias, Rafael Selgas, Sara Romero, Juan J Díez
European Journal of Endocrinology.2012; 167(3): 301. CrossRef

The Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending a University Hospital: Ji Hee Yu, Jenie Yoonoo Hwang, Mi-Seon Shin, Chang Hee Jung, Eun Hee Kim, Sang Ah Lee, Eun Hee Koh, Woo Je Lee, Min-Seon Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Ki-Up Lee; Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(5):543-550. Published online October 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.5.543

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Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetes is known to increase the risk of PAD two- to four-fold. The prevalence of PAD in Korean diabetic patients has not been established. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of PAD in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes attending a large university hospital and analyzed the factors associated with PAD.

Methods

A total of 2,002 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement in an outpatient clinic were enrolled. PAD was defined as an ABI ≤0.9. Clinical characteristics of 64 patients with PAD were compared with those of 192 age- and sex-matched control patients without PAD.

Results

Of the 2,002 type 2 diabetic patients, 64 (3.2%) were diagnosed as having PAD. PAD was associated with higher prevalences of retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, cerebrovascular and coronary artery disease. Patients with PAD had higher systolic blood pressure and serum triglyceride level and reported higher pack-years of smoking. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of micro- and macrovascular complications and high systolic blood pressure are factors independently associated with PAD.

Conclusion

The prevalence of PAD in diabetic patients was 3.2%, suggesting that the prevalence in Korean diabetic patients is lower than that of patients in Western countries.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Impaired Cardiovagal Activity as a Link Between Hyperglycemia and Arterial Stiffness in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Among an Eastern Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study
Nibedita Priyadarsini, Devineni Likhitha, Madumathy Ramachandran, Kishore Kumar Behera
Canadian Journal of Diabetes.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Predictability of Cystatin C for Peripheral Arterial Disease in Chinese Population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Luna Liu, Hai Wang, Jing Ning, Junming Han, Chunxiao Yu, Qingbo Guan, Hiroshi Okamoto
Journal of Diabetes Research.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
Atherectomy in Peripheral Artery Disease: Current and Future
Yohan Kwon, Jinoo Kim, Je-Hwan Won, Seong Ho Kim, Jeong-Eun Kim, Sung-Joon Park
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2021; 82(3): 551. CrossRef
Peripheral arterial disease and its correlates in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a teaching hospital in northern Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Orighomisan Freda Agboghoroma, Fatai Momodu Akemokwe, Fabian H. Puepet
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
The significance of ankle-brachial index in determining peripheral artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus over 40 years of age and the relationship of peripheral artery disease with chronic complications of diabetes
Tuğçe Nur YİĞENOĞLU, Medine KEBAPÇI, Hülya ÖZEN
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine.2020; 3(2): 115. CrossRef
Correlation of systemic arterial stiffness with changes in retinal and choroidal microvasculature in type 2 diabetes
Mirinae Kim, Rae-Young Kim, Joo-Young Kim, Young-Hoon Park
Scientific Reports.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Abnormally Low or High Ankle-Brachial Index Is Associated With the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Mei-Yueh Lee, Pi-Jung Hsiao, Jiun-Chi Huang, Wei-Hao Hsu, Szu-Chia Chen, Jer-Ming Chang, Shyi–Jang Shin
Scientific Reports.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Is Associated with an Increase in Fibrinogen Levels
Qin-Fen Chen, Dan Cao, Ting-Ting Ye, Hui-Hui Deng, Hong Zhu
International Journal of Endocrinology.2018; 2018: 1. CrossRef
Association between peripheral arterial disease and diabetic foot ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2
M.Á. Tresierra-Ayala, A. García Rojas
Medicina Universitaria.2017; 19(76): 123. CrossRef
Factors associated with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Qingge Gao, Binbin He, Chaoyu Zhu, Yuanyuan Xiao, Li Wei, Weiping Jia
Medicine.2016; 95(51): e5230. CrossRef
Significant interarm blood pressure difference predicts cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients
Su-A Kim, Jang Young Kim, Jeong Bae Park
Medicine.2016; 95(24): e3888. CrossRef
7^th Asian PAD Workshop

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Abnormally Low or High Ankle-Brachial Index Is Associated with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients
Szu-Chia Chen, Pi-Jung Hsiao, Jiun-Chi Huang, Kun-Der Lin, Wei-Hao Hsu, Yu-Li Lee, Mei-Yueh Lee, Jer-Ming Chang, Shyi–Jang Shin, Xiao-Feng Yang
PLOS ONE.2015; 10(7): e0134718. CrossRef
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Photoplethysmography and Continuous-Wave Doppler Ultrasound as a Complementary Test to Ankle–Brachial Index in Detection of Stenotic Peripheral Arterial Disease
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Ilker Tasci, Samet Verim, Hasan Kutsi Kabul, Aydogan Aydogdu
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Jinkwon Kim, Dong Hyun Lee, Myoung-Jin Cha, Tae-Jin Song, Ji Hye Park, Hye Sun Lee, Chung Mo Nam, Hyo Suk Nam, Young Dae Kim, Ji Hoe Heo
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